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closing stages of the cave entrances. The stratigraphic succession of faunal assemblages is supported by

25 radiocarbon dates that correspond to the Last Pleniglacial and the Late Glacial. This paleontologi-

cal sequence gives plentiful information about faunal diversity and the environment during this period.

Among the herbivores, reindeer, bison and horse are always abundant. Chamois and ibex are rare in spite of

their abundance in the hunting remains from surrounding archaeological sites. Contrary to received opinion,

roe deer and wild boar are absent while red deer is rare. The numerous paleontological sites of this region,

although they are not precisely dated, are consistent with these ndings.

Thus, the paleontological sequence form the Igue du Gral reopens the discussion of the evolution and

adaptation of mammals during the Last Glacial and Late Glacial, and in consequence, the nature of human

occupation in the region. In addition it also provides information about the (discontinuous) canid activity in

the cave and the post-depositional degradation of faunal material in absence of human activities.

María Gema Chacón

(1-2-3)

, Amelia Bargalló

(1-2),

Bruno Gómez

(1-2)

, Andrea Picin

(5-1-2)

, Manuel Vaquero

(1-2)

, Eudald

Carbonell

(1-2-4)

Continuity or discontinuity of the Neanderthal technical behaviors during the MIS 3: levels M and

O of the Abric Romaní site (Capellades, Spain)

The Middle Palaeolithic site of the Abric Romaní (Capellades, Spain) is one of the key sites to reconstruct

the Neanderthal behaviours in southern Europe because of its long stratigraphic sequence which covers

more than 30,000 years of human occupation.

In this paper we present the study of the technological behaviour from levels M and O which were dated

bet ween 51.8 ± 1.4 (USGS 02-23) and 54.6 ± 0.4 (USGS 07-9) ka BP (Bischoff et al. 1988; 1994). The study is

focused on the reconstruction of the knapping processes through the results of core reduction sequences and

int procurement and management. The objective is to provide data on the behavioural capabilities of homi-

nids. To reach this goal, we study the variability of the lithic reduction strategies (1) from a synchronic point of

view for each level (M and O); (2) from a diachronic point of view by comparing the two levels; and (3) placing

all the cores reduction sequences into the technical operative eld concept. The results indicate that:

1) The techno-economy focuses on environmental and functional aspects of the lithic production. In both

levels it was identied a predominant use of int, a signicant variation of their types of procurement

and the use of different knapping methods.

2) The variability between discoidal and Levallois methods provide information about techno-psychologi-

cal aspects analyzing the cognitive operations involved in the technical action.

The results suggest that the technological changes observed on the core reductions sequences in these two

archaeological levels could be explained by cultural changes. These criteria could be related to the arrival of

new hunter-gatherers groups, to a cultural change in the same group, or to an adaptation of new environ-

mental conditions by the Neanderthal groups.

✉

(1)

IPHES, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, C/Escorxador s/n, 43003 Tarragona, Spain

(2)

Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain

(3)

UMR7194 – Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 1, rue René Panhard, 75013 Paris,

France

(4)

Visiting professor, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of Beijing (IVPP), PR China

(5)

Neanderthal Museum, Talstrasse 300, D40822, Mettmann, Germany

[email protected] (correspondent author), abar[email protected], /jointfilesconvert/289946/bgome[email protected], [email protected], manuel.

vaquero@urv.cat, [email protected]

Jamie L. Clark

Characterizing behavioral variability in the southern African Middle Stone Age: new data from the

Howieson’s Poort

The Howieson’s Poort (HP; ~65-60,000 years ago), an enigmatic substage of the southern African Middle

Stone Age (MSA), continues to receive attention from scholars interested in human behavioral evolution

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